844 PRODUCTS OF THE DISTILLATION OF COAL. 



tion of the oil formed. It crystallizes from ether in large 

 striated prisms, which are colourless, inodorous, soft like bees'- 

 wax, fusible at 163.4 (73 centig.). This compound is a naph- 

 taline in which 3 atoms of hydrogen are replaced by 3 

 atoms of chlorine. (Laurent, Ann. de Ghim. &c. Ixvi, 196). 



M. Laurent has obtained two neutral substances and two 

 acids, from the action of nitric acid upon the naphtalic chlorides 

 (Ann. de Chim. Ixxiv, 26) : 



Oxichloronaphtalose . C 20 H 4 C1 2 O 2 + HO 



Chloronaphtalosic acid . C 20 H 4 C1 O 3 + O 9 



Naphtalosic acid . . . i(C 16 H 4 O 4 +O 2 ) 



Oxichlorophtalenose . . C 18 H 4 C1 3 O 



Nitronaphtalide (nitronaphtalase), C 20 H 7 -fNO 4 , is produced 

 on heating naphtaline with nitric acid, by the separation of HO. 

 It crystallizes from alcohol in four- sided prisms, of a sul- 

 phur-yellow colour, fuses at 109.4(43 centig.), and may be sub- 

 limed when cautiously heated ; when suddenly heated it burns. 



Nitronaphdehyde (nitronaphtalese), C 20 H 6 + 2NO 4 , is formed 

 by boiling the former compound, or naphtaline and nitric acid till 

 no oily body floats on the surface of the liquid. It falls upon the 

 cooling of the liquid as a yellow crystalline powder, fusible at 

 365, which may be sublimed without change, and is insoluble 

 in water and alcohol. (Laurent). 



The action of nitric acid on naphtaline being continued 

 for a longer time and at a high temperature, after the expulsion 

 of the nitric acid in nitrous fumes and the sublimation of the 

 naphtalese, a feeble explosion takes place, and a coaly mass re- 

 mains in the retort. By repeating the treatment of this mass with 

 nitric acid, M. C. de Marignac obtained the three following new 

 products: 1, Nitronaphtatise, C 20 H 10 N 3 O 12 or C 20 H 10 -j-3NO 4 ; 

 a yellow, glutinous, resinous substance, insoluble in water, dis- 

 solved out of the mass by ether. This substance is named by Ma- 

 rignac according to the plan followed by Laurent of distinguishing 

 compounds obtained successively from the same root by the 

 vowels, a, e, i, o, etc.; the two preceding compounds being nitro- 

 naphtalase and nitronaphtalese, this falls to be named nitro- 

 naphtalise. Alkalies decompose this substance, and convert it 

 into 2, a brown matter, C 12 H 3 NO 5 , carbonic acid and am- 

 monia 5 3, nitronaphtalic acid, 2HO + C 16 H 5 NO 12 ; a bibasic 



