BENZOLE. 859 



at a higher temperature and sublimes unchanged. In the for- 

 mation of this substance 1 atom of anhydrous sulphuric acid 

 and 1 atom of benzole abandon 1 atom of water : 



C 12 H 6 and SO 3 =C 12 H 5 SO 2 and HO. 



Hyposulphobenzidic acid, sulphobenzinic acid, benzosulphuric 

 acid, HO, C 12 H 5 S 2 O 5 ; this acid remains in the liquid which 

 deposits sulphobenzide. It is also produced on dissolving ben- 

 zole in oil of vitriol, or in fuming sulphuric acid. It is a very 

 acid liquid, which crystallizes, and resists a temperature of 

 392. It may be viewed as a compound of sulphobenzin with 

 hydrated sulphuric acid. Hyposulphobenzidate of copper forms 

 large regular crystals. (Mitscherlich). 



Nitrobenzide, C 12 H 5 NO 4? a liquid compound obtained by 

 dissolving benzole to saturation in hot concentrated nitric acid ; 

 on diluting the acid with water and allowing it to cool, the 

 liquid separates and subsides to the bottom. At 59 nitroben- 

 zide is yellow, has a sweet taste and the odour of cinnamon. 

 Its density is 1.209, that of its vapour 4294; it boils at 433.4 

 (223 centig.), crystallizes in needles at 37.4 (3 centig.). It 

 is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether; dilute 

 acids also dissolve it; alkalies do not decompose it. (Mit- 

 scherlich). 



Azobenzide, C 12 H 5 N, a volatile, red, crystalline substance, 

 obtained on distilling an alcoholic solution of nitrobenzide 

 with dry hydrate of potash. It is fusible at 149, and boils at 

 379.4 (193 centig.). 



Chloride of benzole, C 12 H 6 C1 6 , a crystalline substance, ob- 

 tained on exposing benzole to chlorine gas, in sunshine; 6 

 atoms of chlorine unite with the benzole without displacing any 

 hydrogen. (Mitscherlich). 



Chlorobenzide, C 12 H 3 C1 3 , an oily liquid, obtained by distilling 

 chloride of benzole from hydrate of lime. It boils at 410, its 

 density is 1.157, that of its vapour 6370. 



Bromine forms analogous compounds with benzole. 



Benzone, C 13 H 5 O, one of the liquid products of the distilla- 

 tion of crystallized benzoate of lime : 



