MALARIA. 375 



more sharply defined boundary-line than the other spherical 

 forms. Some crescents undergo segmentation, usually dividing 

 transversely through the middle of the body. 



Relation of the Parasites to the Red Blood-corpus- 

 cles. The parasites described appear in part free in the blood- 

 plasma, and in part in association with the red blood-corpuscles. 

 This association is considered by Laveran as one of simple adhe- 

 sion of the parasites to the blood-cell, whereas Marchiafava and 

 Celli, in opposition to this extraglobular mode of life, assume 

 an actual penetration of the parasite into the blood-cell, an 

 endoglobular mode of life. Both views are probably correct. 

 The smaller forms appear impressed into the surface of the red 

 blood -corpuscles, to which they are merely closely attached, 

 whereas the older forms certainly occur within the bodies 

 of the blood-corpuscles. This latter occurrence can be observed 

 especially when the parasites leave the infected blood-corpuscle. 

 In this process the residuum of the blood-corpuscle can be seen to 

 rupture, while its contents, stained with hemoglobin, are dis- 

 tributed in fine drops in all directions. The endoglobular 

 arrangement is the rule, especially for the crescents of Laveran, 

 as Marchiafava and Celli have demonstrated. The infected 

 blood-corpuscles are usually soon decolorized, while the para- 

 sites at the same time take up pigment. In the presence of 

 some varieties of the parasite hypertrophy of the infected blood - 

 corpuscle is observed to take place, while others cause diminu- 

 tion in size and shrinking of the blood-discs in which they 

 occur. 



Sporulation. The propagation of malarial parasites takes 

 place through spores that form in the mature cells. In the 

 fully developed parasite a greater or smaller number of bodies 

 develop, each of which exhibits complete cell-structure. This 

 process of sporulation terminates the existence of the spore-form- 

 ing bodies ; the spores disperse, and of the mother-cell only a 

 dead residual body remains, consisting mainly of the pigment of 

 the mother-parasite. The systematic arrangement of the spores 

 within the sphere around a mass of pigment often seated cen- 

 trally gives rise to peculiar appearances that have been compared 

 with those of daisies or sunflowers. Every spore contains a 

 visible nucleolus, while the formation of the nucleus often takes 

 place later. 



Development of the Parasites. According to Golgi, in 

 the development of the parasites the unpigmented spore moves 

 about free for a time in the blood-plasma, and meanwhile pos- 

 sibly grows somewhat ; it then becomes attached to a red blood- 

 corpuscle, in which it finds the conditions for its further devel- 

 opment. 



The young parasite, into which the spore within the blood- 



