96 THE SKELETON. 



21. We remark inequalities upon the surfaces of bones, which 

 afford points of attachment for muscles; they often present for 

 tho same purpose, as well as for the ligaments of the joints, 

 salient prolongations which are named afjophyses or processes. 



OF THE SKELETON. 



2->. The skeleton is a species of frame formed by the union c 4 

 he different bones of the body. A great many animals are with- 

 out it, but it exists in the mammalia, birds, reptiles, and fishes. 

 To study it we will select the skeleton of man (page 97/2g-.37.) 



23. The skeleton, like the body, is divided into head, trunk, 

 and extremities. 



24. The heal is placed at the superior extremity of the body, 

 and is divided into two parts, the cranium and face. 



25. The fare presents five great cavities destined to lodge the 

 organs of sight, of smell, and of taste : these cavities are the two 

 orbits ( for ike eyes) the two nasal fossae and the mouth. 



26. A great number of bones concur to form the face : the 

 principal ones are: 



1st. The two -superior maxillary bones, which constitute near- 

 ly the whole of the upper jaw, and rise at the sides of the nose 

 to join the frontal bone. 



2nd. The malar or cheek bones, which form the cheeks in part, 

 and extend from the superior maxillary to the frontal bone^ so as 

 to complete the orbit on the outside. 



3rd. Tiie inferior ma-ciliary bone, which constitutes the lower 

 jaw, presents nearly the form of a horse shoe. 



There are also other bones in the face called palate, nasal, un- 

 guifonne or tackry trial, ftp 'may bones, and miner. 



27. Trie cranium is a bony cavily of an oval form serving to 

 contain the brain. It is formed by the union of several flat bones 

 which are : in front, the frontal, upon the sides and above, the 

 parietal, behind the occipital, below, and on the sides, the tem- 

 poral, and in the middle the sphenoid, and inferiorly and in front, 

 the etkmoid, which also serves to complete the orbits and ft rm 

 the superior part of the nasal fossae. 



21. For what purposes are those inequalities which are found on the AUJT- 

 faces of bones? What are processes ? 



22. What is the skeleton ? Is every animal provided with a nkeleton 1 



23. How is the skeleton divided ? 



24. What is the situation and division of the head? 



25. What are the uses of the several cav.ties of the 



26. What are the chief bones of the face ? 

 97. Describe the cranium ? 



