!13 PROEOSCIDIANA. 



16. These animals, which resemble each other in the general 

 features of their organization, are still distinguishable by impor- 

 tant particulars, which has made it necessary to divide them into 

 three families; the Proboscidian a, the Ordinary Pac/iydrrnnita, 

 and the Sotiptdes, which may be recognised by the following 

 characters : 



(Families.) 



JHavinor tusks, a prehensil trunk and ) D 

 five tocB B on all the feet. [ PROBOSCIDUXA. 



Not having a pre- f Having at least "} p 

 j Inn ile Mink, and ) two toes and at I 1 KRMATA 



not having five toes j most four. J RDINAIIIA ' 

 I, on a.l the ket. (_ A single toe apparent. SOLIPEDES. 



FAMILY OF PROBOSCIDIAN A. 



17. These are Packydermata with a trunk and tusks. They 

 have five toes on all the feet, but incrusted in a sort of hoof of 

 callous skin ; their nails only are apparent. They have neither 

 canine or incisor teeth, but they have in the upper jaw two tusks 

 of enormous size; the mammae, two in number, are placed upon 

 the chest. This family includes one living genus only. 



18. The Genus KLEPHANT, Ekpha^'Yhis genus (Plate 5, 

 fg. 1, and 2.) comprises animals of gigantic size, naturally mild 

 and docile in disposition, which enables them readily to bear the 

 domestic condition. The amplitude required by the alveoli of 

 the upper jaw to contain the two tusks, elevates it so much, and 

 at the same time shortens the bones of the nose, that the nares, 

 in the skeleton, are found near the top of the face ; but in the 

 living animal they are prolonged into a cylindrical trunk, consist- 

 ing of a double tube, composed of fibres and many small muscles 

 variously interlaced, which is moveable in every direction and 

 terminates above by an appendix in the form of a finger. This 

 trunk, which communicates with the nasal fossa?, serves the 

 Elephant to seize hold of everything he wishes to convey to the 

 mouth, to pump up his drink, and then pour it into his throat ; it 

 thus compensates for the shortness of his neck. By means of 

 this.curious instrument, the Elephant can uproot trees, untie knots, 



16. Into what families is the order of Pachydermata divided? What are 

 the family distinctions of the Proboscidians ? In what particulars do the 

 Pachyderniat.) Ordmaria differ from the Proboscidiana ? What are the 

 family distinctions of the Solipcdes ? 



17. What are Proboscidians ? How are th y recognised? Where are 

 the mammae situate? What number of gem-ra is included in this family ? 



18. What are the general characters of animals belonging to the genus of 

 Elephants? Whit is the trunk? What functions are performed by the 

 trunk? 



