BINDWEED. MARIGOLD. 



125 



Fig. 152. CONVOLVULUS. 



The FAMILY OF BORRAGI'NE.U is 



closely allied to the Labia'tse ; the type 

 of this family is the barrage. 



77. The FAMILY OF CONVOLVU- 

 LA'CE^E, which is also composed of 

 hypogy'nous, monopetalous plants, has 

 the bindweeds as its type (figure 152), 

 which are common in our fields and 

 gardens. A species of the bindweeds 

 furnishes jalap, an active purgative 

 medicine. 



78. We also place in the class of 

 Hypocoro'lleae the FAMILY OF PRIMU- 

 LA'CEJE, the type of which is the prim- 

 rose, the gentia'nre, and several others. 



79. The FAMILY OF SYNANTHE'- 

 REJS (from the Greek, sun, with, and 

 anthos, flower) or COMPOSITE, which 

 belongs to the division of monopetalous 

 Epicoro'Ileoe, is v*?ry remarkable for the 

 arrangement of its flowers. They are 

 generally small, and united in a close 

 mass, called capi'tulum, upon a com- 

 mon receptacle ; they a 

 are of two kinds; one 

 has a regular corolla in 

 form of a funnel, and 

 called flosculous ; the 

 others have an irregu- 

 lar corolla, laterally 

 warped in form of a 

 little tongue. Finally, 

 the anthers are united, 

 and form a tube which 

 is traversed by the 

 style (figure 110). 

 Sometimes the capi'tulums (fig. 80) are composed only of florets 

 like the thistle (Jig. 154, a) and artichoke; sometimes in demi- 

 florets, as the dandelion and lettuce ; and sometimes of florets in 

 the centre, and demi-florets occupying the circumference, as the 

 tunflower and marigold (fig. 153). The first are frequently 

 designated under the name of flosculous, the second are called 

 semi-flosculous, and the last radiate. 



77. From what family of plants is jalap obtained ? 



78. To what class does the family of Primula'ce.-B belong ? 



79. What are the general characters of the Synanthe'rn; ? 



20* 



Fig. 153. MARIGOLD. 



Fig. 154. 



MILK THISTLE. 



