158 



A GLOSSARY OF TERMS 



WHIN'STOSK. A Scotch name for 

 greenstone and other trap rocks. 



WHOHL. A wreath, or turning of 

 the spire of univalve shells; a 

 complete turn of the spire of a 

 spiral shell. In botany, leaves 

 inserted around a stem are termed 

 whorls. 



WING. In botany, a membranous 

 border of many seeds by means 

 of which they are supported in 

 the air when floating from place 

 to place. Also, a side petal of a 

 papilionaceous flower. 



Wi'THEHS.-The joining of the shoul- 

 der-bones at the bottom of the 

 neck and mane, towards the 

 upper part of the shoulder in 

 horses. 



WOOD. The most solid parts of the 

 trunks of trees and shrubs. 



WOODT TISSUE. -Pleure'nchyma. Elon- 

 gated cells, tapering to each end, 

 and constituting the elementary 

 structure of wood. 



XA'KTHOPHYLL. fr. gr. xanthos, yel- 

 low ; phullon, a leaf. Jinihoxan- 

 tine. The yellow colouring mat- 

 ter which appears in the leaves 

 of plants in autumn. 



XA'NTHOUS. fr. gr. xanthos, yellow. 

 Applied to races of mankind pos- 

 sessing brown, auburn, yellow, 

 flaxen, or red hair. 



XI'PHIAS Lat. A sword-fish. 



XI'PHOSCRA. fr.gr. xiphos, a sword ; 

 oura, tail. Name of a tribe of 

 crustaceans. 



XTLO'PHAGI. fr. gr. xulon, wood; 

 phagd, to eat. Wood -eaters; a 

 family of coleopterous insects. 



XTLO'PHAGOUS. fr. gr. xulon, wood ; 

 phago, to eat. Wood-eating. 



YOU-STONE. Chinese jade. 

 Yumc. fr. gr. xunx, the wryneck. 

 Generic name of the wrynecks. 



ZA'MIA. fr. gr. zemia, loss or dam- 

 age A genus of plants of the 

 order cyca'deae. 



ZE'A. fr. gr. zed, I live. Generic 



name of Indian corn or maize. 

 ZBCH'STEIIT. Ger. A magnesian 

 limestone, lying under the red 

 sandstone. 

 ZI'BKLLINA. Lat. Relating to the 



sable. 



ZOANTHA'IUA. fr. gr. zdon, an ani- 

 mal ; anthos, a flower. Animal- 

 flowers ; a class of zoophytes. 

 ZONED. Surrounded with one or 



more girdles. 



ZONKS. In botany, stripes or belts. 



ZO'OCARPES. fr. gr. zoon, an animal ; 



karpos, fruit. Organized beings 



which partake of the nature of 



both animals and plants. They 



are found among the lower forms 



of alga of botanists, as the diato- 



ma, the fragillaria, &c. 



ZOO'GRAPHT. fr. gr. zoon, an animal ; 



grapho, to describe. Zoology. 

 ZOOLO'GICAL. Belonging or relating 



to zoology. 



ZOO'LOGIST. One skilled in. or de- 

 voted to the study of zoology. 

 ZOO'LOGT. fr. gr. zoon, an animal ; 

 logos, a discourse. That part of 

 natural history which treats of 

 animals. 



It is estimated that the number of 

 species embraced in zoology, or the 

 animal kingdom is as follows : 



Species. 



Mammals 2,000 



Birds 6,000 



Reptiles 2,000 



Fishes 10,000 



Mollusks 15,000 



Insects 80,000 



Crustaceans, arachnidans j ^Q QQQ 

 annelidans,infusorials,&c. ' 



Radiates 10,000 



Fossil species ... - - 7,000 

 Or an aggregate of 252,000 



The following Table exhibits Cu- 

 vier's arrangement of the subjects 

 included in zoology; showing the 

 Divisions, Classes, Sub-classes, and 

 Orders of the Animal Kingdom, 

 with an example of each. 



