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ductioii of m;in on this continent cannot full to be bi-onght to light. 

 The establishment of an International Scientific Service for the 

 observation of astronomical, meteorological, geological and zoologi- 

 cal phenomena commends itself at the present time to the more 

 civilized Powers. The different governments established by the 

 white races slionld contribute their quota of the expenses for the 

 establishment and maintenance of posts of observation in different 

 localities over the globe, to be decided upon by commissions of 

 specialists. In time of war such posts should be held neutral, as 

 well as their service, under a flag and protected by the operation of 

 international law. In the case of the Arctic regions, Great Britain, 

 the United States, Russia and Scandinavia are the more interested 

 from their geographical position ; yet other Powers are directly inter- 

 ested in the solution of the different problems which will be offered 

 through the knowledge of those parts of the Earth's surface. In 

 Madagascar we must also expect some evidence to be forthcoming 

 with reference to the origin of man. A definite settlement of the 

 latter question can be arrived at if Evolution be true. Is not this 

 a question to call for the active interest of the cultivated races ? 

 Its settlement would greatly advance our material interests as a 

 species by giving us a mental habit in accordance with the facts in 

 the case. I think that the prospect alone of arriving at a solution 

 of this question should prompt concerted action, either by a Scien- 

 tific Service or such other means as experience may prefer. 



When we examine into the question of the stone implements 

 Avhich prove the fact of the presence of man, we must see that 

 the earlier man must have first used a stone as he found it. " There 

 must have been a time Avhen men j^icked up such stones as came in 

 their way at the moment with which to throw at animals, to break 

 their food, to injure their fellow men. Such stones, unaltered by 

 use, can no longer be identified." There Avill be an imperfection 

 here in the record from implements. 



The difficulty of supposing man to have been introduced into 

 America during the Quarternary lies in the fact that he must have 

 been in the stone age when the migration was made. This diffi- 

 culty vanishes if, as I suppose, man entered upon possession of this 

 continent during the Pliocene, and before the Ice-period had inter- 

 fered with a warm climate in the north. This will leave us free to 



