41 



brown thoracic shield of obliquata is divided in the middle line by 

 a sharply defined white line; the last pair of spiracles of obliquata 

 are larger than the rest and placed subdorsally, while those cor- 

 responding in subcarnea are placed laterally. Other characters 

 presenting differences are the following: The proplegs in sub- 

 carnea are longer than in obliquata; the hooklets of the former are 

 arranged more nearly in a straight line, in the latter in the form 

 of a horse-shoe, toes inward; the true legs of the former are col- 

 ored like the skin; in the latter they are dark with bands at the 

 joints. A microscopical study of the mouth organs discloses 

 marked differences. 



Late in July and early in August both larvae are found together, 

 often in the same plant; they are now of about the same age and 

 size; their mode of life up to this time has been similar, but from 

 this point they take very different routes. Obliquata continues 

 its larval life in the Typha until autumn, when it leaves its plant 

 and crawls into old wood, the earth, or under loose bark of trees, 

 hibernating as a larva. In May it pupates in a light cocoon, giv- 

 ing the moth about the beginning of June. Not so subcarnea ; in 

 July and August the larvae prepare pupa-cells near the surface 

 of the plant, always leaving a thin layer of epidermis unbroken 

 over its place of exit; it pupates with the head uppermost. 



The pupa vary in length from 30 mm. to 40 mm.; the 

 color is light brown; the anal ring ends in a thin, 

 emarginate, horizontal plate; there are a few weak 

 anal hooklets; the dorsal median line of the thorax 

 is occupied by a strong ridge; the clypeus is pro- 

 longed into a stout, blunt spine. Figure 1 represents 

 the pupa in side view. 



The imago escapes, leaving the pupa-shell in its 



Fig 1 

 place; in order to get out of the cell to expand its 



wings, it has to break up the membraneous covering of the place 



of escape; this it does by its very stout, frontal spine. 



The Moth S expands 45 mm.; reddish-gray, recently hatched 



specimens are often decidedly flesh-colored; the head, thorax 



and palpi are usually darker or fawn; the abdomen, of the shade 



