57 



disease. It may further be stated that in the examination of 

 many infected earthworms, I never yet found any to contain the 

 eggs of Syngamus. In dissecting the robin, I found an embryo 

 just emerging from the oesophagus into the lung. It was a short 

 distance above the proventriculus, was sexually developed, being 

 a male, and thus affords convincing proof that they enter the 

 lung this way. In a chick, I also found a pair of Syngami just 

 united, on the posterior part of the oesophagus, which had the 

 appearance of having been penetrated by these worms. I have 

 also found the embryo lying beneath the mucous membrane of 

 the oesophagus. 



ARTIFICIAL CULTURE. 



Exp. 15. On September 23, 1883, a mature Syngamus filled 

 with eggs was placed in a small glass dish with a little water, 

 for the purpose of observing the development of the embryo, 

 the structure of the young worms and the time required for 

 them to hatch. We also thought that by comparison in this 

 way they could be more positively identified in the earthworm. 

 The dish was kept covered in a warm room (65° to 70° Fahr.), 

 and occasionally placed several hours in the sun. On October 

 14th, three weeks from placing them in water, they commenced 

 to hatch. 



.Exp. 16. June 11, 1885. Placed two mature syngami in a 

 small glass dish of water, and kept them in a room where they 

 were not exposed to the direct rays of the sun. On June 28th, 

 seventeen days from the time they were placed in water, they 

 commenced to hatch. 



Exp. 17. December 1, 1884. Placed several embryos, found 

 coiled up in the muscular sac of the segmental organs of the 

 earthworm, in a small glass dish of water, and kept them loosely 

 covered, in a warm room. These embryos were thought in the 

 beginning of the investigation to be those of syngamus, and this 

 method was adopted to see if any growth or development of 

 structure would take place in water, whereby we might decide 

 the question. In from five to seven days they grew to many 



