CARBONIFEROUS. 207 



specimens in which the nerves are of equal thickness, and the same distance 

 apart from each other, as are the thicker nerves in the specimens of Cordaites 

 borassifolius from the same locality. 



This equal-nerved variety doubtless originally possessed the alternate fine 

 nerve of Cordaites borassifolius, which, however, from imperfect preservation 

 has now disappeared from between the thicker nerves. In this condition, 

 had the fossils not occurred with undoubted plants of Cordaites borassifolius, 

 it would have been impossible to have distinguished them from Cordaites 

 palmceformis, Goppert, sp., where the nerves are of equal thickness. I am 

 therefore inclined to think that many of the records of Cordaites pal mceformis 

 from the Coal Measures are merely imperfectly preserved examples of 

 Cordaites borassifolius. 



The figure of Cordaites palmceformis given by Weiss (Foss. Flora d. Jung. 

 Steink. u. d. Rothl. p. 199, pi. xviii. fig. 39) is probably referable to Cordaites 

 borassifolius* 



The whole genus Cordaites requires a thorough revision. 



Horizon. Coal Measures. 



Locality. British. Worcestershire : Forest of Wyre. 



Cordaites principalis, Germar, sp. 



Cordaites principalis. 



Feistmantel, Der Hangendflotzzug, p. 94. 



Fontaine and White, Perm, or Upper Garb. Flora, p. 18. 



Geinitz, Vers. d. Steinkf. in Sachsen, p. 41, pi. xxi. figs. 1-6 (excl. 



fig. 22 ?). 



Goppert, Foss. Flora d. Perm. Form. p. 159, pi. xxii. figs. 6-9. 

 Grand 'Eury, Flora Carbon, du Dep. de la Loire, p. 216. 

 Heer, Foss. Flora Spitzbergens, p. 22, pi. v. figs. 12-15 (?). 



Flora Foss. Helv. lief. i. p. 55, pi. i. fig. 1, and figs. 12, 14, and 16 



(excl. fig. 13). 



Renault, Cours d. Botan. Foss. 1881, p. 92, pi. xii. fig. 6. 

 Roehl, Foss. Flora d. Steink. Form. Westph. p. 163, pi. xx. figs. 1, 2. 

 Romer, Palaeontographica, vol. ix. p. 44, 1862. 

 Weiss, Verhandl. d. Natur. Vereines d. Preuss. Rheinl. u. Westph. 1868, 



p. 92. 



Foss. Flora d. jiing. Steink. u. d. Rothl. p. 200. 

 Flabellaria principalis. 



Andrae, Jahrb. d. Naturwis. Vereines, Halle, 1850, p. 130. 

 Germar, Vers. v. Wettin u. Lobejun, p. 55, pi. xxiii. 

 Unger, Genera et Species, p. 332. 

 Pycnophyllum principale. 



Schimper, Traite d. Paleont. Veget. vol. ii. p. 191. 



Remarks. This is the only species of Cordaites, as far as I am aware, 

 which has been observed to occur in the Coal Measures of Scotland, where it 

 is very common. Gienitz unites with it as its probable fruit Carpolithes 

 Cordai, Geinitz. This seed I have not yet discovered in the Scotch Coal- 

 fields. 



What I am inclined to regard as the fruit of Cordaites principalis is the 

 Cardiocarpon Lindleyi, Carruthers (= Cardiocarpon acutum, L. and H.), as 

 this little fruit is almost invariably found associated with the leaves of this 

 species. The example of Cardiocarpon Lindleyi, from the Coal Measures, 

 Falkirk, which has been figured by Mr. Carruthers (Geol. Mag. vol. ix. 1872), 

 was found in association with the leaves of Cordaites principalis. 



* See remarks by Weiss, loc. cit., on the various species of Cordaites included by 

 him in this work. 



