442 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY CHAP. 



Sub-Order. 4. Pentamera. 



Tarsi as a rule five-jointed in all legs. Fam. Xylophaga, Malacodermata, Elate- 

 ridce, Buprestidce, Lamcllicornia, Silphidce, Pselapliidce, Staphylinidce, HydropMlidce, 

 Dytiscidce, Carabidce, Cicindelidce, etc. 



Order 14. Lepidoptera. 



Insects with complete metamorphosis and sucking mouth parts, forming a pro- 

 boscis which can generally be curled up. Body covered with scales. Both pairs of 

 wings similar, membranous, covered with scales, rarely foldable. Hind-wings 

 generally somewhat smaller than fore -wings. The larvae are caterpillars, with anal 

 feet, with biting mouth parts, rarely (Micropteryx) footless. 



Sub-Order 1. Microlepidoptera. 



Fam. Pterophoridce, Tineidce, Pyralidce, Tortricidce. 



Sub-Order 2. Geometrina. 

 Fam. Phytometridce, Deiidrometridce. 



Sub-Order 3. Noctuina. 

 Fam. Ophiusida, Plusiadce, Agrotidce, Cuculliadce, Acronyctidce, etc. 



Sub-Order 4. Bombycina. 



Fam. Bonibycidce, Saturnidce, Psychidce, Zygcenidce, Cossidce, Liparidce, Eupre- 

 piadce, Notodontidce. 



Sub-Order 5. Sphingina. 

 Fam. Sesiadce, Sphingidce. 



Sub- Order 6. Ehopalocera. 

 Fam. Hesperidce, Lyccenidce, Satyridce, Nymphalidce, ffeliconiidce, Equitidce. 



Order 15. Hymenoptera. 



Insects with complete metamorphosis, with mandibles adapted for biting and 

 maxillae generally adapted for sucking. Usually 4 membranous, transparent, slightly 

 veined wings. Various sorts of caterpillars those of the Tenthredinidce and Uro- 

 ceridce are footless, i.e. maggot-like. 



Sub-Order 1. Terebrantia. 



Female with ovipositor (borer or tube). Fam. Tenthredinidce, Uroceridce, Cyni- 

 pidce (gall flies). The larvae of the Pteromalidce, Braconidce, Ichneumonidce, JSvaniadce, 

 are generally parasitic in the larvae of other insects. 



Sub-Order 2. Acnleata. 



Female with poison sting and poison glands. Fam. Formicidce (ants), Fossoria 

 (sand wasps), Vespidce (social wasps), Apidce (bees). 



