212 



COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 



CHAP. 



In Proneomenia, the dorsal vessel is wanting in the region of the mid-gut. The 

 ccelom is much less spacious, and instead of surrounding the intestine lies only on 

 its dorsal side. It is developed merely as a hermaphrodite glandular sac, its endo- 

 thelial wall yielding the genital products. 



In the region of the hind -gut, the vessel lying in the dorsal mesentery is developed 

 as a heart, the coelom being here represented by the pericardium. 



4 



&' 



FIG. 175. Diagrammatic sections through an Annelid (A) and a Solenogastrid (B and C), to 

 illustrate the relation of the coelom to the genital glands and nephridia. B, Eegion of the cloaca ; 

 C, region of the mid-gut ; 1, dorsal mesentery ; 2, dorsal vessel or heart ; 3, germinal epithelium ; 



4, coelom in B= pericardium, in C= hermaphrodite gland (in the coelom are genital products); 



5, nephridia ; 6, intestine ; 7, cloaca. 



The pericardium is connected with the cloaca by two canals ; these may be 

 considered as the morphological equivalents of nephridia (cf. Fig. 175). 



As the genital glands have been recognised as part of the ccelom in the Soleno- 

 gastres, Nautilus, and Sepia, they must necessarily fall under the same category in 

 all other Molluscs, even when no longer in direct connection or in open communica- 

 tion with the same. 



In the Chitonidw, the coelom is large, and falls into three distinct divisions. One 

 contains the intestine and digestive gland (liver), which are accordingly outwardly 



n V 



FIG. 176. Diagrammatic longitudinal section through Chiton, to illustrate the relation 

 between the various parts of the coelom (after Haller). 1-8, Position of the eight dorsal shell- 

 plates; M, anterior portion of the dorsal integument; L, snout; TO, mouth; /, digestive gland 

 (liver); d, intestine;/, foot; ti, kidney; p, pericardium; c, portion of the coelom surrounding the 

 intestine ; h, heart ; Ip, band connecting pericardium and genital gland ; gdr, genital gland ; la, band 

 connecting the genital gland and the posterior portion of the coelom which surrounds the intestine. 



(i.e. on the side turned to the ccelom) covered with an endothelium. The mesen- 

 teries, however, which originally attached the intestine to the body wall, and 

 along which the parietal endothelium passed into the visceral endothelium of the 

 intestine and liver, have disappeared, with the exception of portions retained on 

 the hind-gut. The two other divisions of the ccelom are : (1) the pericardium, and 



