ENTEROPNEUSTA ALIMENTARY CANAL 



The epithelial walls of the gill -pouches and of the tongues are 

 ciliated. 



The depth (measured dorsoventrally) of the area occupied by the 

 gill-slits on the lateral wall of the branchial intestine varies greatly. 



In all cases the gill-slits leave only a narrow strip of the intestinal 

 wall in the dorsal median line ; this strip is the epibranehial streak. 

 Ventrally they never extend so far towards the median line. They 

 either leave a narrow strip of the intestinal wall, the hypo-branchial 

 streak, which is at any rate wider than the epibranehial streak (Schizo- 

 cardium), or they only extend a very short way on to the ventral wall 

 (Glandiceps), or again they only reach about half way down the lateral 

 wall (Balonoglossiis). In the last case the hypobranchial streak 



FIG. 459. Vertical longitudinal section 

 through the anterior part of a row of 

 gills, and through a collar pore of Schizo- 

 cardium brasiliense (after Spengel). cpj, 

 Anterior aperture of the collar canal (into 

 the coeloin of the collar) ; cpo, posterior aper- 

 ture (collar-pore) of the same (into the first 

 gill-pouch) ; bpi-bpQ, first to sixth branchial 

 pores (outer apertures of the gills) ; bsi-bs^, 

 first to fifth gill-pouches ; 6/4, bf 5 , fourth and 

 fifth gill-slits (apertures of the gill-pouches 

 into the branchial intestine) ; dvm, dorsoven- 

 tral musculaturp ; cc, cceloin of the collar ; 

 re, ccelom of the trunk ; v, blood vessels ; 

 Ic, continuation of the ccelom of the trunk 

 into the branchial tongues; I, branchial 

 tongues ; s, branchial septa ; szi, first anterior 

 septal bar or prong ; lz, tongue bars or 

 prongs ; crs, septum dividing the trunk 

 from the collar. 



occupies the ventral or nutritive half of the branchial intestine, which 

 is thus more or less distinct from the dorsal or respiratory half, into 

 which the gill-slits open. The distinction between these two halves is 

 still more marked in Ptychodem (Fig. 458, 15, 16), inasmuch as they are 

 here separated by longitudinal ridge-like projections of the intestinal 

 wall, which run on each side along the boundary between the two 

 (13). The two ridges growing towards one another may even touch, 

 in which case open communication between the branchial intestine 

 above and the oesophagus below ceases. 



The form of the outer apertures of the gill-pouches, the branchial pores, has 

 been described above. The furrows in which they lie correspond, in Balanoglossus, 

 Glandiceps and Schizocardium, with the submedian line, which is indicated by the 



