258 



MUCOUS MEMBEANES GLANDS 



stomach,, present terminal acinar dilatations, hence they also resemble 

 to some extent a small tubulo-acinar type of gland. 



The typical coil glands consist of a duct whose epithelium resembles 

 an attenuated layer of the stratified epithelium upon which they open, 

 and a fundus or secreting portion which is lined by columnar epithelium 

 of the glandular type. They also possess a connective tissue basement 

 membrane and a vascular tunica propria. 



Branched Tubular Glands. Branched tubular glands include the 

 cardiac and pyloric glands of the stomach and the glands of the uterine 



mucous membrane. These glands possess a 

 duct whose epithelium corresponds in type 

 with that of the surface upon which they 

 open. Several secreting tubules open into 

 this duct by means of a short constricted por- 

 tion, the neck. The fundus or secreting 

 portion, after a typically spiral course, ends 

 with a blind extremity which is often curved 

 or hooked. This portion of the gland is 

 clothed with columnar or glandular epi- 

 thelium and invested with a thin basement 

 membrane and tunica propria. 



Compound Tubular Glands. Com- 

 pound tubular glands include the kidney, 

 testis, lacrimal gland, and liver. The finer 

 structure of the glands of this type is so pe- 

 culiar that the reader must be referred to 

 the several chapters in which they are more 

 fully described. 



Compound Tubulo-alveolar Glands (Tubulo-acinar or Racemose 

 Glands). This is the most widely distributed of all the types of se- 

 creting glands. It includes the parotid, the submaxillary, the larger 

 mucous and serous glands of the oral cavity, and of the nose, pharynx, 

 trachea, bronchi, and esophagus, the duodenal (Brunner's) glands, the 

 pancreas, bulbo-urethral (Cowper's) glands, urethral (Littre's) glands, 

 and the large mucous glands of the cervix uteri. 



The form of these glands may be likened to a much branched tree, 

 whose stem as the main excretory duct opens upon the free surface of 

 a mucous membrane, and the branches and twigs as the larger and 

 smaller interlobular ducts reach out in all directions to finally end in 

 minute alveolar dilatations, the secreting acini. 



FIG. 257. MODEL OF A RE- 

 CONSTRUCTION OF THE LAC- 

 RIMAL GLAND OF MAN. 



The tubular duct divides 

 into the terminal secreting 

 tubules, forming a compound 

 tubular gland. X 170. (After 

 Maziarski.) 



