SHALLOW-WATER STARFISHES 249 



The dorsal ossicles are unusually small and closely united, leaving 

 very small papular pores, and the pseudopaxillae are uncommonly 

 small, with a small flat-topped fascicle of about twelve to sixteen 

 minute spinules, of which three to six usually occupy the central area. 



These pseudopaxillae are only about half as large as in typical 

 Atlantic specimens of endeca of corresponding size. There are 

 usually two subequal, rather long, acute, divergent furrow-spines on 

 each adambulacral plate, only one distally. On the actinal surface 

 the curved transverse row or comb has usually six to eight graded 

 spines, the two inner decidedly longer and stouter. 



The oral spines and jaw-spines are much better developed than 

 usual. The four apical spines are very large, strong, and acute. 

 There are six graded furrow-spines on each side. The epioral spines 

 are long and slender. They form two subparallel rows of about 

 eight or nine graded spines. The spines in the opposed rows are 

 often bent toward each other and interlocked. The two most adoral 

 are distinctly larger than the others. 



Two typical specimens from Victoria were received from the Pro- 

 vincial Museum of British Columbia. Another, very similar in 

 character and size, is from Friday Harbor, Puget Sound, cotype, 

 No. 1897, Mus. Comp. Zool., pi. LXXXVTI, figs. $-$c. 



SOLASTER DAWSONI Verrill. 



Plate XLVI, figures 5-56 (details) ; plate xc, figure I (is-rayed) ; plate xci, 

 figures i, 2; plate xcii, figure i (i3-rayed). 



Solaster dawsoni VERRILL, in Whiteaves, Report Prog. Geolog. Survey Canada, 

 1878, 1879, p. 4. Whiteaves, Trans. Royal Soc. Canada, iv, sect. 4, p. 116, 

 1886. Fisher (pars), op. cit., ignb, p. 313, pi LXXXIV, figs, i, 2; pi. 



LXXXV, figs. I, 2; pi. LXXXVI, figs. I, 2J pi. CXIII, fig. I. 



The type has the following characters: Rays twelve. Radius of 

 the disk, 20 mm. ; of the rays, 53 mm. ; ratio, about i : 2.62. It is 

 less than half grown. 



It has the general appearance of S. endeca, as seen from above, 

 but resembles Crossaster papposits beneath. The dorsal pseudo- 

 paxillae and their clusters of stellate spinules are small, numerous, 

 and crowded. Usually there are ten to fifteen minute, short, 

 webbed spinules around the edge of each plate. The plates, when 

 denuded of spines, are small, three- and four-lobed, closely imbri- 

 cated, with a rounded and convex central mammilla. The infero- 

 marginal plates are prominent, and each bears a prominent trans- 

 verse group of numerous small, slender spinules, forming two rows 

 of about twelve to fourteen each. 



