GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY 13 



beds, tier upon tier, telling of earlier flows. From one 

 of these the river plunges 250 feet to the bottom of its 

 deeper gorge. Except in great floods, the volume of the 

 river is less than that of Niagara, but its greater height 

 and the grandeur of its surroundings make this the most 

 impressive waterfall in America. 



Around Seattle, and as we sailed northward through the 

 straits, we saw grand sections of the extensive Pleistocene 

 deposits so fully described by Mr. Bailey Willis, and then 

 began to enter regions less fully explored. 



VICTORIA TO UNALASKA 

 BRITISH COLUMBIA 



Our first landing north of Victoria was at Beaver Cove, 

 on the east side of Vancouver Island. The local geology 

 has been described in brief by Dawson, 1 who notes that 

 parts of both shores of the cove are occupied by grey and 

 reddish granite, the remainder by compact greenish grey 

 feldspathic rocks. On his geological map the granite of 

 this place is shown as a small outlier of an extensive mass 

 to the east and north, surrounded by dark, metamorphosed, 

 basic volcanic rocks. 



We found the country rock to be a dark green diorite 

 (3), 2 tough and fine-grained, clearly representing the Van- 

 couver Series. The diorite is cut in many directions by 

 dikes of varying character, from less than a foot to about 

 three feet in width. Most of them consist of light to dark 

 grey feldspathic porphyries, which on microscopic exam- 

 ination proved to be quartz-diorite-porphyry (2 and 5), 

 with the exception of one which is augite-diorite-por- 

 phyry (4). Some of the very narrow dikes are of a grani- 



1 Ann. Rep. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey Canada, vol. n, p. 566. 1886. 



*The rock specimens collected by the Expedition are numbered consecutively. 

 When a thin section was made, the slide received the same number as the speci- 

 men. The numbers in parenthesis in the text usually refer to thin sections, but 

 may refer to hand specimens or to both sections or specimens. See also page 8. 



