274 ZOOLOGY 



Order Lepidoptera 



The butterflies and moths, or scale-winged insects ; 

 with complete metamorphosis ; the larvae terrestrial, 

 with few exceptions. See Chapter 38. 



Order Mecaptera (or Panorpatce) 



Scorpion Scorpion flies and their relatives, often regarded as a 



suborder of Neuroptera. The head is prolonged into a 



beak. The males of Pan- 

 orpa, the true scorpion flies, 

 have the end of the abdo- 

 men enlarged and curved 

 upward, in the manner of 

 scorpions. The wings when 



are more Or leSS 



From Bulletin 6 7 , U.S. National 



Museum (after Packard) narrow, the anterior pair 



FIG. QI. A scorpion fly (Panorpa) . > i i j 



similar to the hind ones. 



Frequently the wings are prettily marked. The meta- 

 morphosis is complete, and the larvae resemble caterpil- 

 lars. All the species are carnivorous, feeding on other 

 insects. 



Order Hymenoptera 



Bees, The bees, wasps, ants, sawflies, and their relatives. 



wasps, etc. g ee Chapes 39 and 40. The most primitive Hy- 

 menoptera are the sawflies, in which the abdomen is 

 broadly attached to the thorax, and the larvae have legs, 

 those which feed exposed on foliage closely resembling 

 caterpillars. Another great group consists of the ich- 

 neumon flies, chalcid flies, and others, nearly all parasitic 

 in their immature stages on other insects, and of great 

 importance as destroyers of insects injurious to crops. 



