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ZOOLOGY ' 



IN the present series of addresses upon the nature and 

 scope of some of the divisions of knowledge, zoology con- 

 nects the natural sciences with those subjects that deal with 

 human progress in physical, social, political and economic 

 respects. Like the human and other sciences, zoology has 

 arisen from that vague uncoordinated and unresolved 

 mass of knowledge, the Natural Philosophy of not very 

 remote times, which undertook to comprehend all there 

 was of nature and thought. And again like the other 

 sciences it is as such a branch of relatively late growth. In 

 earlier times few men were sufficiently withdrawn from 

 the affairs of the market-place and commerce and con- 

 quest, from politics and government and theological prop- 

 aganda, to observe the phenomena of nature closely, to 

 reflect upon their observations, and to summarize their de- 

 ductions in the formularies of natural law. Not until 

 human social structure neared the relatively settled condi- 

 tion of modern times did it become possible for men to 

 differentiate as students of nature solely, rendering their 

 service to the common weal as investigators of the less 

 practical and more remote departments of knowledge. 

 Now the sciences have become so great, so complex and 

 varied, that it is impossible for a single mind to compre- 

 hend all that is included in one of them. So widely the 

 impelling energy of research has driven the soldiers of 

 investigation that only when, as in the present series of 

 addresses, they return to the council-fires of an intellectual 



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