594 



ZOOLOGY. 



The whale-fishery first sprang up in the twelfth century 

 in the Bay of Biscay. In the New England colonies whales 

 were pursued in boats from the shore. In 1854 the fishery 

 culminated ; since then it has decreased. It is principally 

 carried on by Americans, New Bedford being now the lead- 

 ing port from which whalers are sent out to the Arctic 



Fig. 516,Kogia Flowtri. After Grayson, from Gill. 



regions and Behring's Straits, one hundred and ten vessels 

 having been sent out in 1876 from this port. 



Closely allied to Physeter macrocephalus Lacepede, are 

 the pigmy whales, represented on the Californian coast by 

 Kogia Floweri Gill (Fig. 516), which is nearly three metres 



Pig. 517. Skull of Callignathus simus, seen from the side and from below. 

 After Owen. 



(nine feet) in length, with a conical head . In Callignatlius 

 simus Owen (Fig. 517) the skull is short and broad ; it is 

 found on the coast of Madras, India. 



The narwhale (Monodon monoceros Linn.) is distinguished 

 by the long, spirally-twisted, horn -like tusk of the male, 

 formed of the left upper incisor, which becomes nearly three 



