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elm, and beech alternately, and cut them over, 

 planting at west approach ; and rear these kinds 

 up as standards, at proper distances, leaving a part 

 of the evergreens also to rear up. When the 

 larch firs, amongst the old trees, are three feet high, 

 cut out every other tree, say every second tree, and 

 put in chiefly spruce firs to be toped down for 

 underwood, taking care to keep the whole ground 

 always full of underwood. When any of the old 

 hard wood trees dies out, be sure to rear up a tree 

 from the underwood to supply its place. When the 

 larch firs are to be taken out, in order to the plant- 

 ing in the other trees, be sure to cut them over, and 

 not dig out by the roots ; and when cut over, prune 

 the trees cut, and leave all the twigs, say branches, 

 to consume on the ground. This method, together 

 with keeping the ground completely full of under- 

 wood, will at once cure, in a most satisfactory man- 

 ner, the dryness and thinness of the soil, as it will 

 keep the roots always damp and moist ; so that 

 at all times, and to all ages, the trees will have 

 a sufficient supply of nourishment, and the larch 

 firs, although never intended, nor will they ever 

 come to be timber trees here, yet by allowing 

 them to stand for so long a time, they will enrich 

 the soil and make it fit to carry trees of every de- 

 scription to maturity. Again, when the tops of the 

 underwood comes half way up the naked stems of 

 the old trees, or up to the lowmost branches, this will 

 completely shelter them, and cure the storminess 

 of the exposure ; and by attending to the thinning 

 and selecting out the standril trees in time, before 

 arriving at too great a height, the three evils which 

 have been the ruin of this once beautiful plantation 



