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separated, except by the use of more or less force : 

 example : sugar, iron. 



Liquid bodies are those whose molecules do not 

 particularly adhere together, but move over one ano- 

 ther and are separated without effort, Ex. water and 

 alcohol. 



Gaseous bodies are those whose molecules, far from 

 adhering, have a tendency to separate and to fill a 

 larger space. Ex. oxygen, air, steam, carbonic acid. 



Bodies are simple or compound : they are simple 

 when composed of only one element ; such as 

 oxygen, hydrogen, azote, carbon, chloral, sulphur, 

 phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium, iron. 



Bodies are compound,- when composed of the 

 junction of two or more simple or compound bodies 

 commingled together. Ex. water is composed of 

 oxygen and hydrogen ; carbonic acid of oxygen and 

 carbon ; sugar, of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen ; 

 lime of calcium and oxygen ; carbonate of lime or 

 lime-stone, of lime and carbonic acid. These com- 

 pound bodies have special properties different from 

 those of the simple or compound bodies which 

 compose them. 



Affinity is the property of bodies to combine and 

 form other bodies ; it is this property which gives 

 carbonic acid a tendency to combine with lime to 

 form corbonate of lime. 



Cohesion is the property which retains atoms to 

 one another in solid bodies. 



Solubility is the property of solution, possessed by 



