92 INJURIES PRODUCED BY OTHER APHIDES. 



(377.) The Aphis of the cabbage and turnip is very de- 

 structive to those plants ; it is distinguished from the vas- 

 tator by its white color, its short abdominal tubercles, and 

 the structure of its antennse. It is not nearly so active as 

 the vastator, and remains for a long period in one place. 

 It, however, destroys the leaf, and produces a similarly 

 injurious effect upon the plant. 



(378.) The Aphis of the pea is a very destructive 

 species, and frequently causes our late crops of peas to rot 

 entirely off. It is a noble-looking fellow, and about twice 

 as large as the vastator. Its color is green, and it lives 

 upon the leaves in the usual way ; the mode in which it 

 acts upon the pea being exactly^similar to that in which 

 the vastator affects other plants. The leaf is injured, the 

 vigor of the plant is diminished ; and the plant perishes 

 either at the leaf, stem, or at the junction of the stem with 

 the root ; when the connection between the root and leaf 

 being lost, the plant necessarily dies. 



(379.) Kirby mentions that in 1810 the produce of the 

 pea crops did not amount to much more than the seed 

 sown, and that many farmers turned their swine into their 

 pea-fields, not thinking the crop worth harvesting. 



(380.) The bean also has its Aphis, which frequently 

 causes an almost total failure of the crop. The bean leaf 

 is injured, the stalks grow black, and the plant perishes, 

 producing very little or no fruit. The gardeners generally 

 conquer this animal by cutting off the tops of the plants 

 with a sickle. 



(381.) A small Aphis* attacks the apple-tree : it is called 



* We here use the general term " Aphis," because the insect be- 

 longs to the family Aphides ; it does not, however, strictly speaking, 

 belong to the genus Aphis, but to the cognate genus Eriosoma, one 



