INJURIES PRODUCED BY OTHER APHIDES. 93 



the Aphis Lanigera, and has a woolly body, and when 

 crushed it is of so bright a red as to stain things with 

 which it comes in contact. This Aphis lives upon the 

 bark and roots; it is very destructive, and will kill even 

 the largest trees in an orchard. Around the metropolis it 

 destroyed thousands of trees ; and when it spread into 

 Gloucestershire, it almost caused the abandonment of the 

 manufacture of cider. It began in a nursery in Sloane 

 street, and spread over England, committing its ravages 

 for a number of years. Sir Joseph Banks relates that it 

 destroyed so many codlin trees in one garden, the rental 

 of which was 50Z. a year, as to almost annihilate the pro- 

 duce. This insect has lately been rather scarce, and 

 though it still exists, yet it does but little damage at the 

 present time. 



(382.) The leaves of the sycamore, in some places, 

 present a most remarkable maculated appearance, from 

 large black spots as big as a sixpence. These are owing 

 to a fungus which follows the attack of a noble Aphis, 

 which honors this tree by sucking its vital fluid. In this 

 instance we have a case of local death from the puncture 

 of the Aphis. 



The sugar-cane, according to Kirby, has its Aphis, 

 which sometimes destroys the whole crop. 



(383.) Kirby also states that the larch, in particular, is 

 inhabited by an Aphis, which exudes a waxy substance, 

 like filaments of cotton, and becomes so infinitely multi- 

 plied as to whiten the whole tree, which often perishes in 

 consequence of the attack. 



of the distinguishing characters of which group is well indicated by 

 the generic name, which is made up of the words Epiof wool, and 

 o-w/ja a body. 



