10 FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



have a considerable feeding value, and baney so stained 

 by exposure as to be greatly discounted in price in the 

 market will make as much and as valuable meat, milk or 

 wool, and will sustain as much labor as barley that sells 

 for the highest price. To the third class belongs corn 

 stover, every acre of which is about equal to the produce 

 of an acre of hay for feeding uses, and yet millions of 

 acres of this valuable food go back to earth ungathered 

 every year, because the production is in excess of the 

 needs of the live stock kept. 



There are also by-products from the dairy, the orchard 

 and the garden, which usually can only be given a money 

 value by feeding them on the farm. Such are skim milk, 

 fallen fruit, unmarketable potatoes and the unsalable 

 parts of vegetables. Nearly all kinds of field root crops 

 also, to be profitable, must be fed upon the farm. The 

 utilization of all these products in the way indicated, may 

 alone constitute the difference between successful and un- 

 successful farming. 



Bearing on transportation. The consumption of the 

 food grown upon the farm through the medium of live 

 stock invariably cheapens the cost of marketing the prod- 

 uct, whether marketed nearby or through the medium 

 of railroad transportation. A ton of hay, for instance, 

 is marketed more cheaply, viewed from the standpoint 

 of transportation, in the form of meat, milk, butter, cheese 

 or wool than it can be through the medium of wagon or 

 railroad transportation. As previously shown, many prod- 

 ucts grown upon the farm cannot be sold profitably or 

 sold at all in the open market. (See p. 4.) 



The cost of transportation frequently makes the ship- 

 ment of bulky foods prohibitory. This is particularly 

 true of foods other than concentrates, and is more es- 

 pecially true of transportation where more than one road 

 carries the product to its destination, each road making 

 its own rate. Because of the increased charges in the ab- 

 sence of a through rate and also for other reasons, it is, in 



