12 FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



a good 1,000 pound steer that is being fattened would 

 call for say 30 pounds of good clover hay and grain, of 

 which, say 12 pounds would be grain. The reduction in 

 the weight to be transported as meat, compared with the 

 food used in making it, would be 28 pounds or 93 per cent. 

 To secure 22 pounds of milk per day from a dairy cow of 

 similar weight during a prolonged period of feeding 

 would call for say 36 pounds of the same kinds of food, 

 of which say 8 pounds would be grain. The reduction 

 in this instance is 14 pounds or 39 per cent. Suppose 

 that the milk is made into cheese and that 10 pounds are 

 allowed for I pound of cheese. The reduction in freight 

 would be 33.8 pounds or 94 per cent. Suppose again the 

 milk is made into butter, and that the 22 pounds of milk 

 make I pound of butter, then the reduction in freight is 

 35 pounds or 97 per cent. It is thus apparent that the re- 

 duction in freight from turning food Into these respec- 

 tive products increases in the following order: Milk, 

 beef, cheese and butter. It is further apparent that while 

 butter, beef and cheese may be readily transported to 

 long distances, the transporting of milk must always be 

 circumscribed by distance, because of its relative weight 

 in proportion to the food products from which it is made. 

 That the degree of the advance in value of the finished 

 product, as compared with the value of the foods used in 

 making it has an important bearing on transportation, 

 may be readily shown. Suppose, for instance, that a 

 given amount of food is turned into butter. It has been 

 shown that the weight to be transported is reduced by 

 97 per cent. But suppose that in the one instance, the 

 butter sold at the point of destination for 20 cents per 

 pound and in the other instance for 25 cents. The butter 

 which brought the larger return was carried at the same 

 rate as that which was sold at the lower price, which 

 means, virtually, less cost in relation to the return for the 

 weight transported. 



