14 FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



8. Barrel or coupling Large, wide and deep. 



(a), Ribs, good outward spring and good length, 



well spread apart and well muscled, 



(b), Crops, full preferably, but fulness is dependent 



largely on condition, 



(c), Foreflank, deep and moderately full, 



(d), Hindflank, deep, 



(e), Barrel depression, but moderate in size, 



(f), Underline, straight or nearly so, 



(g), Girth, good around flank and heart and about 



equal. 



9. Hind quarters. Long, deep and wide, 

 (a), Hips, broad cuid well muscled, 



(b), Rump area, large and broad from loin to tail- 

 head and the more level the better, 

 (c), Pin bones, wide apart and placed on a level or 

 nearly so with the loin, 

 (d), Thigh, broad and well muscled, 

 (e), Twist, low. 



10. Legs. Both before and behind, short, straight, 

 and set well anart with bone of fairly good size and qual- 

 ity. 



11. Handling qualities. 



(a), Skin of moderate thickness and covered with a 

 fair amount of hair, 



(b), Pliability of skin and softness of coat are de- 

 pendent chiefly on conditions relating to food and 

 flesh. 



Points especially objectionable. These include, prob- 

 ably in the order named, a narrow chest, a long, slim head 

 and neck, flat ribs, a small loin and rump area, and a rough 

 shoulder and hook points. 



Reasons may be given in minute detail why these in- 

 dications of form and function should be present. But to 

 give them in connection with each of the standards sub- 

 mitted would unduly swell the contents of the book. For 

 the fuller study of these, the reader is referred to "Animal 



