1 82 FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



have to be greater. (2) That the standard supposes a mod- 

 erately warm stable. Exposure to cold would call for the 

 use of more carbohydrates as fuel food. (3) That the to- 

 tal amount of dry matter required by the standard should 

 be bulky, which means that it may contain a considerable 

 proportion of crude fibre. (4) That the quantities of the 

 food factors fed are calculated for an animal of 1000 

 pounds weight, which implies that with variation in the 

 weight of the animals, the quantities fed would vary, but 

 not necessarily in exact proportion to the variations in 

 weight, since smaller animals require in proportion more 

 food than large ones owing to the greater proportionate 

 loss of heat in them. (5) That if the animals were being 

 fattened, the proportion of digestible fat in the food should 

 be increased, but not to the extent of disturbing digestion. 



The explanation now follows of how such a ration may 

 be compounded. Being a wide one it will be low in protein 

 and must also be bulky. Such a ration is likely to result 

 from straw alone or from straw and some hay. Since it is 

 to be fed to animals at rest, it is important that it shall be 

 inexpensive and, therefore, that the proportion of straw fed 

 shall not be large. Suppose that the feeder has both. He 

 knows that he requires about 17.5 pounds of to^al dry or- 

 ganic matter (see p. 181). By consulting the table of feed- 

 ing stuffs on page 175 a little calculation will show him that 

 about 21 or 22 pounds of these feeding stuffs will give him 

 approximately that amount if he uses about twice as much 

 straw as hay. This he ought to do to make the ration 

 inexpensive. 



He tries, say 15 pounds of oat straw and 7 pounds 

 of clover hay and the problem works out as follows : 



15 pounds of oat straw would yield 



15x90.8-100 pounds of dry matter or 13.620 pounds 



7 pounds of clover hay would yield 



7x78.2-100 pounds of dry matter or, 5.474 " 



