278 FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



For swine, oil cake is probably not so valuable rela- 

 tively as for feeding cattle and sheep, especially when fed 

 in relatively large quantities, as when thus fed it seems to 

 affect adversely the appetite. But when fed to form not 

 more than 5 per cent of the meal portion, the results will 

 be beneficial. Small amounts may be fed with profit to swine 

 under all conditions, except when they are being given an 

 abundance of succulent food. 



In feeding horses, oil cake is quite as helpful as in feed- 

 ing cattle and swine. Under all conditions, moderate quan- 

 tities may be fed with benefit to horses of all classes and of 

 all ages, except when they are on pasture or are being given 

 other succulent food as field roots. The grain ration given 

 to foals, to horses not yet mature and to brood mares, will 

 be improved by adding to it say 5 per cent of oil meal. 

 Work horses may be fed say one-fourth of a pound per day 

 under average conditions. Quantities considerably larger 

 should be given to horses that are being prepared for spring 

 work. Under almost all conditions this food tends to give 

 a gloss to the coat which materially improves the appear- 

 ance. 



Corn by-products. Chief among the products of corn 

 are starch, sugar, glucose, alcohol and beer. These are not 

 used as food for live stock. In their manufacture, however, 

 certain residues are left which are of much value in feeding 

 certain classes of live stock. Prominent among them are 

 gluten meal and gluten feed. The minor by-products fed to 

 stock include corn bran, corn germ and corn oil meal. Glu- 

 ten meal is a residue from the manufacture of starch and 

 glucose. It is what remains after the hull, starch and germ 

 have been removed. It is separated from the starch by the 

 action of water. As the analysis indicates, it is rich in pro- 

 tein and. has a feeding value equal to that of oil cake. Glu- 

 ten feed is virtually what is left of the corn germ after the 

 starch has been removed. It, therefore, contains both the 

 hull and the germ and as a result is lower in protein and 

 higher in crude fibre than gluten meal. Gluten meal and 



