FOODS FROM BY-PRODUCTS 287 



to calves quite young and to swine, is at least problematical. 

 These restrictions upon feeding this by-product lower its 

 value somewhat relatively, when comparing it with such 

 foods as oil cake and gluten meal. 



Sugar beet by-product. Sugar beet pulp is the resi- 

 due left from sugar beets after the sugar has been ex- 

 tracted. It is fed in the fresh form as taken from the fac- 

 tory, as ensilage and also in the dried form. It is probable 

 that it will be a food product of much importance relatively 

 in this country, as the sugar beet industry promises to be- 

 come one of much magnitude in the near future. Owing 

 to the bulky nature of the pulp in the fresh form and to the 

 large amount of water that it contains, it should be fed at or 

 near the factories, but in the dried form it is not more 

 costly to transport than concentrated foods. Farmers who 

 live near the factory may feed the fresh pulp with profit 

 during a limited portion of the year. Feeders who save it 

 by ensiling at the factory, may feed it with advantage dur- 

 ing the major portion of the same, as it is not difficult to 

 preserve it. It may be ensiled in the same way as corn and 

 other green fodders, but it may also be preserved by putting 

 it into large, basin-like pits excavated in ^ the ground, into 

 which it is dumped to the depth of several feet and allowed 

 to remain until it is fed. Decay follows to the depth of a 

 few inches from the surface. Underneath this decayed 

 mass, the pulp will keep indefinitely. In proximity to the 

 factories it is fed from these pits or silos to large numbers 

 of cattle and sheep that are being finished for the market. 



The undried pulp is not only too costly to transport, 

 but it soon ferments when exposed. About 90 per cent of 

 the pulp is water. But little of the protein is removed in 

 the juice, hence, the pulp is particularly valuable as a food 

 for young animals, and for producing milk. As it exercises 

 a salutary influence on digestion, the pulp has a feeding 

 value in excess of the nutrients. which it contains, when ju- 

 diciously fed and along with dry food. This physiological 

 value, so to speak, decreases with increase in the quantity 



