FOODS FROM BY-PRODUCTS' 293 



made by soaking flax seed for several hours in a plenti- 

 ful supply of water, and then boiling it for one hour. It 

 is then fed to the calves in the milk and when the milk 

 is cold it will be advantageous to add the gruel while it is 

 yet warm. When the calves are grown for veal or baby 

 beef, no meal given in addition is more suitable than 

 ground corn. Ground corn and ground barley are ex- 

 cellent. In such instances the calves may be fed grain 

 to the limit of their capacity to consume it as long as 

 they are fed milk, and in some instances for a period con- 

 siderably longer. 



For sheep, skim milk is not much used nor is it proba- 

 ble that it will ever be thus fed to any considerable extent. 

 As sheep suckle their lambs, it is not required for such feed- 

 ing. But should necessity require it, skim milk fed to lambs 

 in the fresh form, will be quite as helpful to them as to 

 calves. Such food may aid materially in the development 

 of lambs that are being grown for exhibition. 



For swine, skim milk is of great value. It may be 

 fed to them with advantage and profit at all, or nearly 

 all stages of growth, and under nearly all conditions of 

 feeding. It is equally good for pigs not yet weaned, be- 

 tween the weaning and fattening period, and for brood 

 sows during pregnancy and while nursing their young. 

 It is probably true, that, as with calves, the relative 

 profit from feeding it decreases as the birth period is re- 

 ceded from, and for the reason that other protein foods 

 may be fed, adapted to such feeding, that may be ob- 

 tained at less cost, from other sources. For the same 

 reason it is also true, that more relative profit is usually 

 obtained from feeding skim milk to swine subsequently 

 to weaning in moderate rather than in large amounts. 

 Even during the fattening period, skim milk is very suit- 

 able for feeding along with corn, but it can seldom be 

 spared for such feeding. When judiciously fed, the 

 feeding value of 100 pounds of skim milk is fully equal 

 to that of one bushel of corn. But to obtain such value 



