THE \ 



UNIVERS1T 



FOODS FROM BY-PRODUCTS 299 



as a commercial food product was first undertaken in Uru- 

 guay at the instigation of Baron Liebig, in days when many 

 animals were slaughtered simply for their hides. It has 

 been used more for feeding swine than any other class of 

 live stock, but it has also been fed successfully to rumi- 

 nants. By feeding small quantities at first and increasing 

 very gradually the amount fed, they will at length take with 

 safety as much as 2 or 3 pounds per day. Lambs and 

 sheep come to relish it in time, and they thrive on a due pro- 

 portion of such food. Mixed with ground grain and made 

 into cakes, it is claimed that horses, to which these are fed, 

 show increased vigor and nerve power. 



Fish scrap is the residue from fish that are being dried 

 or canned after the oil has been expressed and the product 

 dried. In some instances it is composed in part or alto- 

 gether of fish that are not suitable for human food. It is 

 fed as cake and also in the ground form. Because of its 

 high fertilizing value, it has been designated fish guano, and 

 is not infrequently applied directly to the land for its en- 

 richment, but where the facilities are present, it will be 

 found profitable to feed it to live stock and then to apply 

 the resultant fertilizer to the land. 



Both fish scrap and fish meal are fed to live stock in 

 certain of the maritime areas of northwestern Europe. 

 Good gains have resulted from feeding 3 to 4 pounds 

 per day to mature steers of good size, and the quality of the 

 meat was considered good. It is thought that incautious 

 feeding to dairy cows will produce undesirable taint in the 

 milk and butter but it may certainly be fed in reasonable 

 quantities, that is, up to the limit of say 2 pounds per day 

 without producing such results. It has been but little used 

 in feeding cows in America, but in Norway it is freely used 

 for such feeding. Mature sheep have made good use of as 

 much as one-half to two-thirds of a pound fed daily along 

 with suitable adjuncts. It may be fed more freely to swine 



