FOOD FROM PASTURES 303 



Native pastures on rugged or low lands, too low for suc- 

 cessful cultivation until drained, are of course indigenous 

 to the locality in which they grow. Usually those on forest 

 land have come in, as it were, spontaneously on the cutting 

 away of the trees. On wet lands they have grown un- 

 changed, it may be, for centuries. Kentucky blue grass 

 is one of the most common and valuable of the former 

 and redtop of the latter. It is possible to transform 

 some native pastures by simply sowing the seeds of other 

 grasses at an opportune time, and in the case of wet lands 

 by changing the conditions as, to the extent of the satura- 

 tion. 



Permanent pastures include native pastures both on 

 rugged and low lands referred to above, and also pastures 

 specially prepared with a view to permanency. These 

 may include only a single variety of grass, but usually 

 they include a number of varieties of grasses grown together. 

 Blue grass in the North and Bermuda grass in the South fur- 

 nish instances of the former. More commonly, mixed grasses 

 grown with a view to permanency, are sown on lands natur- 

 ally moist and favorable to grass production. They are grown 

 in combination, the better to furnish grazing at all times 

 through the growing season and to furnish more grazing 

 than would be obtained from a single variety. 



Temporary pastures include, first pastures grown but 

 for one season and frequently as a catch crop, and second, 

 those grown for a longer term of years. The former in- 

 clude the small cereal grains grown alone or in mixtures; 

 plants of the Brassica family; the sorghums, saccharine, 

 and non-saccharine, and certain root crops. The tem- 

 porary pastures usually grown for a longer term than 

 one year include various grasses and clovers. These may 

 be grown singly, but are usually grown in combinations. 

 These are sometimes mown one or more years and are 

 then grazed one or more years. Those readers who desire 



