CARE OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



Young calves would fare badly under conditions of ex- 

 posure that would bring no harm to cattle that are older. 

 If tied and thus prevented from taking exercise, the neces- 

 sity for protection is considerably increased. One course 

 of sheeting, in the absence of some additional covering as 

 tar paper, on the side of a stable, does not in all instances 

 make it warm enough for such calves. The necessity for 

 better protection continues until they have passed the first 

 winter, at whatsoever season they may have been born. 



Lambs are much more tender than calves during the 

 first few hours of existence. When born in winter in cold 

 climates, it is imperative that they come into life under con- 

 ditions that will protect them from intense cold, as for in- 

 stance in a lambing-pen or apartment, or in some portion 

 of a dry basement. After lambs are a few days old, they 

 do not take much harm from low temperatures, and when 

 they reach the age of two or three weeks, they seem capable 

 of enduring about as much cold as the older sheep. The 

 explanation is found in part in the covering of wool given 

 to them by nature, and in part in their active habits. 



Young swine are the most tender of the young quad- 

 rupeds kept upon the farm. This arises in part from the 

 sparse covering with which nature has furnished them. 

 Under some climatic conditions, it may not be easy at all 

 times to preserve life in the newly born pig, unless the 

 apartment is specially well fitted to shut out extreme cold. 

 A division of a well ordered basement may furnish such a 

 place. In cold weather the quarters suitable for swine dur- 

 ing the suckling period should be at least as warm as those 

 suitable for dairy cows in milk. 



It is especially important that young animals be given 

 the benefit of ample sunshine, that the places on which they 

 rest shall be well bedded and dry, and that they are not 

 exposed to falling storms, as snow, sleet or rain. The more 

 of sunshine they enjoy, the better relatively will they 

 prosper, but when they are to be slaughtered young, it is 

 not necessary to provide sunlight or even much light. Damp 



