similarly divided. In compound fronds, the 

 primary divisions are termed pinnce [Plate I .-A. 

 and B. p.] and when more than once divided 

 the ultimate ones are known as pinnules. 

 Compound fronds may be of the palmate or 

 pinnate type. In the former the leaflets all 

 radiate from the apex of the stipe. Such fronds 

 are said to be one-foliate, two-foliate or binate, 

 three-foliate or ternate, etc. according to the 

 number of leaflets they possess. In the pinnate 

 type the divisions or pinnae are arranged on 

 either side of the prolongation of the stipe 

 termed rachis. [Plate I.-B. r.] When the 

 pinnae are themselves pinnate and bear pinnae 

 of the second order, the frond is termed bipin- 

 nate ; when these secondary pinnae are again 

 pinnate, the frond is tripinnate. If the division 

 extends beyond this, the frond is decompound. 

 The Margin. The following terms are em- 

 ployed to describe the edges of fronds or of 

 the parts of fronds [Plate II.] : 



(i) Entire, if the margin is even. (2) 

 Serrate, if it has sharp teeth and all point to 

 the apex like the teeth of a saw. (3) Biserrate, if 

 the teeth themselves are serrate. (4) Serrulate, if 

 the teeth are minute. (5) Spinufose-serrate, if the 

 teeth are spiny. (6) Crenate, if the teeth are 



