station definitely known, * and perhaps on this account Pursh's dis- 

 covery has often been incorrectly assigned to Chittenango Falls. 



The Chittenango creek, flowing northward toward Oneida lake, 

 here takes a double plunge of over one hundred feet, and has worn 

 through the limestone a rough gorge of that depth and more. The 

 sides are extremely steep, but debris and soils have so accumulated 

 at the base that the unbroken ledges loom up only along the top of 

 the gorge. It is just out from under these overhanging cliffs and 

 among the broken fallen fragments of limestone ( mostly Cornifer- 

 ous) on the left bank, that the Hart's-tongue grows, perhaps 

 thirty-five or forty feet above the level of the stream, and three or 

 four rods distant. The soil is moderately moist, but light, yielding, 

 and very rich in leaf mould. Here, scattered along the steep bank 

 for a distance of nearly a quarter of a mile from the falls, the ferns 

 grow in the fairly dense shade of second-growth maples, beeches, 

 birches and elms. Among its companion plants are Pellaea Stel- 

 /eri, Asplenintn Kitta-nmraria, Cystopteris bulbifera, and Dryop- 

 teris Goldieana. 



c. The Jamesville Locality. The Hart's-tongue grows abund- 

 antly in a number of places in the immediate vicinity of Jamesville, 

 the distance included being ten to thirteen miles west of Chittenango 

 Falls, and four to nine miles southeast of Syracuse. Exceptionally- 

 fine plants grow in this locality, and almost the same conditions 

 obtain in each of the stations, which are (i) Hoivletf s Gorge; 

 (2) Little (or Green) Lake; (3) Green Pond; (4) Rock Gorge. 



(1) The Hewlett" s Gorge Station. In March, 1866, Mr. Lewis 

 Foote, of Detroit, Mich., found the fern growing plentifully in a 

 deep ravine of Butternut creek, five miles southeast of Syracuse, 

 upon the line of the Syracuse & Binghamton Railway, f This 

 ravine is commonly known as Howlett's Gorge. It is deep and 

 rocky, especially rough on the left or northern side where the 

 Hart's-tongue grows, though more open on the opposite side. 

 The fern, well shaded, once grew here very plentifully, but it has 

 been largely rooted out. 



(2) Little (or Green] Lake. In September of the same year, 

 Mr. J. A. Paine visited the locality of Jamesville and extended the 

 known range nearly to its present limits. He detected the fern on 



* Asa Gray in Am. Journ. Sci. & Arts, II. 41:417. 1866. I have been unable 

 to find any earlier reference to Cooper's discovery. 



t Asa Gray, in Am. Journ. Sci. & Arts, II. 41 : 41?- l866 - 



