:r2C) Genus HaetudplHji^idis 



appears, the capituluni is depressed (Fig. 450 at 2) and the vulva is 

 arehe(l upwards. Tlie ea])ituhuu next disappears in the depth of the 

 pit, and the ovipositor protrudes from the vulva through being 

 evaginated (o). The two halves or vesicles of Gene's organ grow in size 

 and show two glove-finger-like processes (4-8). The ovipositor grows 

 in length, forcing apart the vesicles (5), and the egg appears (6) and is 

 protruded (7), after which the ovipositor is quickly retracted (8), the 

 egg being left between the vesicles and the capitulum reappearing 

 beneath. Next (9), the vesicles begin to collapse and disappear (10), 

 leaving the egg resting upon the back of the capituluni, which presently 

 is tossed backward (11), so as to ' sho\'el ' the egg upward and backward 

 upon the scutum. The capitulum is then slowly depressed (12), and 

 Gene's organ reappears prior to the laying of another egg. It takes 

 two to four minutes to lay an egg, the intervals between ovipositions 

 varying somewhat in length. This process is repeated for each egg, 

 and entails a good deal of labour." 



In Fig. 449 the position of Gene's organ (" ovipositing gland ") is 

 show^n in a schematized longitudinal section through the capitulum of 

 the female. 



Summary. 



HaemcipJiy salts cinnaharina var. punctata seeks a host three times, 

 feeding thereon in the larval, nymphal and adult stages. It readily 

 attaches itself to the host 4-12 days after each ecdysis and is easily 

 reared tmder experimental conditions upon hedgehogs, rabbits, sheep, 

 cattle and ferrets. The larvae usually remain upon the host 4-7 days, 

 although they may remain attached anywhere from 3 to 19 days. The 

 nymphs usually remain attached for about a week, but this period of 

 attachment may range from 4 to 88 days. Adult females remain 

 attached for 6 to 22 days, the longer stay upon the host is doubtless 

 due to their waiting to be fertilized. Males and females both behave 

 like those of H. leachi, q.v. ]\Iy observations suggest that when a 

 hedgehog (hibernating host) is maintained a ta low temperature, the 

 larvae and nymphs remain somewhat longer upon the host than in 

 warm weather. The time required for metamorphosis is governed by 

 temperature, being much prolonged by cold. The larvae may hatch 

 from the egg after 38 days (Stockman's shoitest time) to 82 days (at 

 14 C, Nuttall); the nymphs may emerge after 14 days (Stockman's 

 miin'num) to 159 days (at 10 0., Nuttall) or after as long a period as 

 243 days (Stockman's maximum); the adults emerge after 7 to 229 



