220 MARRIAGE IMPEDIMENTS 



6. Canon 1069 insists on the natural law impediment 

 called " ligamen " or bond of a previous marriage, which 

 renders invalid any attempted marriage during the life- 

 time of a married couple, even if their marriage was 

 never consummated. The only exception is the so-called 

 " Pauline privilege." St. Paul allows the Catholic party 

 to marry again if the non-baptized or non-Christian party 

 refuses to live in peace with the former. " For," as the 

 Apostle says, " a brother or sister is not under servitude 

 in such cases." * The same Canon forbids a new mar- 

 riage in case the former marriage was found invalid or 

 had been annulled before legitimate authority (i. e., the 

 bishop or the Holy See) permitted the new marriage. 



7. Marriage between persons baptized in, or converted 

 to, the Catholic Church, on the one hand, and unbaptized 

 persons on the other (disparity of worship), is declared 

 invalid in Canon 1070. The law speaks of persons bap- 

 tized in, or converted to, the Catholic Church, i. e., of 

 persons who ought to be Catholics. Therefore a baptized 

 non-Catholic who never joined the Church can validly 

 marry an unbaptized person. The same Canon also de- 

 clares (§2) that if at the time of such a marriage a per- 

 son was commonly held to have been baptized, or if the 

 Baptism was of doubtful validity, the marriage should be 

 upheld until it is proved that one party was, and the 

 other was not, baptized. 



8. Attempted marriage of clerics in higher orders, or 

 of religious with solemn vows, or of religious with sim- 

 ple vows (which in this respect have the privileges of 

 solemn vows) is declared invalid by canons 1072 and 

 1073. 



9. No marriage can exist between a woman who was 



1 1 Cor. VII, 15. 



