FOB AMERICAN VINES. 



33 



the anchoring, the possible dislodgment, are so many draw- 

 backs to the regular working. Its high price, 100, is, 

 on the other hand, an obstacle to its use by small and 

 medium growers. The turn-wrest plough, with a subsoiling 

 tine (shown in Fig. 12), may be used with this capstan. 

 In soils of medium stiffness, the trenching part of the plough 

 works at a depth of 16 inches, the subsoiling share working 

 6 to 8 inches deeper, making the total depth of work 22 to 

 24 inches. 



Durand's plough costs from 20 to 30. 



BOUEGUIGNON'S HORSE-Q-IN. 



Auguste Bourguignon, who first constructed the Grue" 

 gin, has, since 1887, built the Valessie gin. 



.Description. This gin is composed of a cast-iron bed- 

 plate, the dimensions of which have been calculated so as to 

 enable it to be carried on an ordinary dray. This bed-plate 

 rests on two long axles (Fig. 13) each bearing two rollers, 

 rolling on angle irons bolted on wooden beams. On this bed- 

 plate a frame-work or bridge is bolted, inside which the drum 

 is placed, keyed on a vertical shaft, revolving on a bronze 

 cup socket in the centre of the bed-plate, and through a 

 collar in the upper part of the bridge. On the top of the 

 shaft a circular plate is keyed, perforated with six holes at 



6k 79. 



Fig-. 13. Bourguignon's Horse-gin. 

 C 



