STEAM CULTIVATION. 



141 



The frame is so arranged that the shape of the ploughs 

 and mould-boards can be varied to suit any circumstances 

 that the land may require. Any class of mould-board can 

 be supplied. By removing the ordinary mould-board used 

 for surface ploughing, and substituting short ones, or 

 " digging breasts," a tillage can be effected quite equal, if 

 not superior, to spade husbandry, which leaves the land in 

 the most desirable state for the action of the atmosphere. 

 From the shares and mould-boards being attached on the 

 outside of the beam all choking in very foul land is 

 obviated. 



In ploughing lea or other land for cereal crops, from the 

 speed of the plough, the work done is sometimes rough and 

 rather too loose, unless a land-presser or consolidator is 

 attached to and drawn behind the plough. It is necessary 

 to have the presser one furrow larger than the plough ; by 

 the use of the presser a firm seed-bed is secured. 



SUBSOIL PLOUGH. 



This implement (Fig. 89) is constructed by J. Fowler and 

 Co., and worked on the principle of a balance plough. 



Fig. 89. -Subsoil Plough. 



Besides the ordinary ploughs attached to it, it is fitted with 

 tines, one tine following each plough and breaking up the 

 subsoil to any required depth without throwing it on the top 

 of the land. In some land it is simply ruinous to bring the 

 subsoil at once to the surface. But by admitting the atmos- 

 phere it may be gradually prepared for this operation. 



SUTHEBLAND RECLAMATION PLOUGH. 



This (Fig. 90) is also an implement invented by Fowler 

 and Co., and has been much used by them in carrying out 

 the Sutherland Reclamation works. It is so constructed 



6279. I' 



