142 THE ADVANTAGES OF 



that the most stony land can be cul- 

 tivated without trouble or breakage. 

 It will be seen from the engraving 

 that it is preceded by steel discs, 

 which lift the plough over the stones 

 or obstructions so as not to break 

 the mould-board. The plough will 

 turn a furrow 2 feet wide by 15 

 inches deep completely over, and it 

 will be observed that the turning of 

 the furrow slice is not altogether 

 effected by the mould-board, but is 

 very materially assisted by the 

 rollers, which catch it at the moment 

 of leaving the plough. The stones 

 which have been passed over are 

 caught by the hook-tine, which 

 comes behind the plough, and torn 

 out. They are then removed by 

 men. The tine thoroughly subsoils 

 the land to a depth of 2 feet, and 

 materially assists the drainage of 

 the soil. This implement has been 

 largely used for the last three years 

 in the reclamation of land in Suther- 

 land. 



TURNING CULTIVATOR. 



Fowler's Patent Turning Culti- 

 vator (Fig. 91) is adapted by all 

 systems of steam-cultivating ma- 

 chinery. It consists of a strong iron 

 frame, carrying, according to cir- 

 cumstances, from five to thirteen 

 tines, and resting on three road- 

 wheels, the front wheel being flanged 

 and used for steering. The axle 

 of the two hind wheels is cranked, so that by turning it the 

 frame is lowered or raised, and the depth of the tines 

 adjusted. The long end of the draft bar or " patent turning 

 lever " is provided with two arms, to which the two ends of 

 the ropes are attached. The arms are set at an angle to 

 keep the tail rope clear of the implement. The lever itself 



