76 



TIMBER TREES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



The wood is light, soft, weak, brittle and coarse-grained, very 

 durable in contact with the^soil, and apt to check in drying. It 

 is slightly aromatic. The heartwood is dull orange-brown in color ; 

 the thin sapwood light yellow. It is used in boat building, fenc- 

 ing, cooperage, and for ox yokes. An aromatic stimulant is 

 derived from the bark of the root. 



Ulmus americana, Linnaeus. 

 (AMERICAN ELM.) 



A large tree, with short spreading or long pendulous branches 

 and scaly dark brown trunk, reaching a height of 120 and a diam- 

 eter of 11 feet. 



It occurs in rich moist soil from southern Newfoundland to 

 the northern shores of Lake Superior and the eastern slope of the 

 Kocky mountains, south to Florida, arid west to Dakota, central 

 Nebraska, Indian Territory, and Texas ; reaching its best develop- 

 ment in the northeastern United States. 



In this State, where it reaches an average height of 60 to 70 and 

 diameter of 4 to 5 feet, it occurs abundantly in most of the swamps 



MAP OF 



NORTH CAROLINA 



LEGEND 



Distribution of the AMERICAN ELM 

 (litmus americana. L.) 



of the coastal plain and extends westward as far as Guilford 

 and Mecklenburg counties. (Fig. 13.) It is smaller and much 

 less common toward its western limit. 



