84 TIMBER TREES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



especially when the soil is good and the light conditions favorable. 

 Only small trees send up from the stump shoots, which attain a 

 large size. 



The leafstalk is slightly downy but not sticky ; the leaflets 15 

 to 23 in number, smooth above and somewhat downy beneath. 

 The fruit is round, greenish-yellow when ripe, about 2 inches in 

 diameter, and contains a nut with an edible kernel. The large 

 terminal buds are covered with a light brown tomentum and the 

 lateral buds are above the leaf scars as in the preceding species. 

 The black walnut has a well-developed taproot and numerous 

 strong lateral roots. 



The wood is heavy, hard, strong, rather coarse-grained, liable to 

 check, easily worked, and durable in contact with the soil ; rich 

 dark brow^n in color ; the thin sapwood much lighter. It takes a 

 beautiful polish, and is used for cabinet making, interior finish, 

 gunstocks, and in boat and shipbuilding. The husk of the fruit 

 yields a dye. 



The black walnut has been largely removed from the counties 

 west of the Blue Ridge, where it reaches its largest size in this 

 State. Considerable quantities are still standing, however, in the 

 Piedmont region, and in the coastal plain region it has not yet 

 been entirely removed. 



Hicoria minima, Britton.* 

 (BITTERNUT HICKORY. RED-HEART HICKORY.) 



A tall and slender tree, with a broadly pyramidal crown, rather 

 smooth, firm, gray bark, and lighter smoother branches, reaching a 

 height of 120 and a diameter of 4 feet. 



It occurs from southern Maine to the valley of the St. Law- 

 rence river, westward through Ontario, central Michigan and 

 Minnesota, and the eastern parts of Nebraska, Kansas, and Indian 

 Territory, and southward to western Florida and eastern Texas; 

 reaching its best development in Pennsylvania and Ohio. 



In North Carolina it grows to an average height of 80 and a 

 diameter of 2 to 3 feet, and occurs in moist, cool situations, on 



*Carya amara, Nuttall. 



