90 



the time the chestnut blossoms, a little moth lays an egg on the; 

 young fruit. The egg hatches and a little Avorni burrows its 

 way into the burr. It seems to prefer living on the burr rather 

 than the nut. This view shows Avliat I have called the "little 1 ' 

 burr worm. Here it is. It lives normally in the burr. Occa- 

 sionally it eats into the nut, but it does not like the nut, but 

 leaves an ugly hole and the nut afterwards frequently moulds. 



This shows the adult moth, the Holcocera Sobcrii. It is very 

 similar to the Holcocera glandulata, but, according to Kear- 

 foot, of Montclair, New Jersey, it should be called a distinct 

 species, and it has been named in honor of Mr. Sober. This is 

 one of the worst enemies. There are two shown in this view, a 

 "little" and a "large" one. This is the larger one. (Indicat- 

 ing). I have tried a number of times to get the adult of that, but 

 I have failed thus far. It is easy to get them in the larval stage, 

 you get lots of larvae, and they will make the cocoons. 

 Normally the cocoon is made in the burr and fortunately when 

 the burr is removed the cocoon is removed; but I have not been 

 able to get them to mature. I do not know the adult of this 

 one. 



This view shows the hole it makes into the nut. It is cut 

 away to show it. It has not gone in very far and this has re- 

 moved all the injury done. The other one is the injured one, 

 showing the spot, in the edge of the screen. This one is injured 

 here. (Indicating). If the nuts are eaten immediately or used, 

 they are scarcely injured; but if they are allowed to stand for a 

 time spores of various moulds get into them and the nuts soon rot 

 entirely. In this case this nut shown has cracked open, and 

 is full of black spores. I am not able to identify all the moulds; 

 some of them resemble very much the ordinary bread mould. 



Insect traps were made by Mr. Sober in 1910 and placed 

 throughout the grove, and thousands of moths, many of them 

 belonging to the same genus, the Holcocera, were caught in these 

 traps. Lanterns w r ere suspended from the trees beneath which 

 were these tin arrangements, and below was a pan of water on 

 which was placed a little oil. That arrangement caught thou- 

 sands of moths. That is one method of controlling the enemy. 



The grove is full of birds. There are many blue birds, and 

 nest boxes have been put up. I do not know whether it is a good 



