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secure the full benefits to be derived from the protection of the 

 forest it must be followed up by systematic administration of the 

 reserves, such as can only be secured by a forest ranger service. 

 The immediate forest problem in Hawaii and the next step in the 

 progress of forestry in this Territory is to get an effective field 

 organization established and in working order. 



In large measure the boundaries of the forest reserves either 

 consist of natural barriers or are fenced. Some of the fences are 

 maintained under the requirements of government leases, some 

 have been built and are maintained at government expense, and 

 some are kept up voluntarily by corporations or private owners. 

 The more important corners of a number of the forest reserves 

 have been marked with metal monuments. All the forest reserve 

 boundaries ought to be so defined. 



During the past two years the government has constructed a 

 number of new fences. Several other stretches of fence required 

 under leases have also recently been completed, and some other 

 lines of forest fence have been erected at private cost. The general 

 attitude of the public in regard to the protection of the forest has 

 undergone a marked change in the past decade. While there is 

 still more or less trespass going on on each island, the best senti- 

 ment is now strongly against it, rather than being hostile or indif- 

 ferent, as was the case previously. 



In a few of the reserves the forest is still being damaged by 

 wild cattle and by goats, but in the last few years a very marked 

 improvement has been effected on each o the larger islands in 

 controlling this form of injury. 



The second main line of endeavor pursued by the Division of 

 Forestry since 1904 has been the encouragement of tree planting. 

 This the Department has sought to do by supplying technical ad- 

 vice to all who desired it as to methods and means of nursery and 

 tree planting work, by furnishing free or at cost price tree seed- 

 lings of various species, and by a general campaign of education 

 as to the desirability of establishing blocks of planted forest from 

 the standpoints of commercial return, watershed protection or 

 aesthetic consideration. 



Tree planting has been practiced in Hawaii both by the gov- 

 ernment and by private individuals and corporations, for 30 years 

 or more, but in the past few years there has been a marked increase 

 in the number of trees set out and a much better understanding of 

 the necessity for such work than at any time before. The doc- 

 trine of using; for tree planting non-agricultural land on the sugar 

 plantations that otherwise would be closed as waste area has been 

 persistently preached, until it is now s^enerallv acknowledged to be 

 a sound poliev to follow wherever it is possible to secure funds to 

 defray the initial cost. 



