15 



jarrah (E. margiuata), leather jacket (E. punctata), red ma- 

 hogany (E. resinifera), and gray gum (E. tereticornis). Of 

 the other commonly planted species, red gum (E. rostrata), 

 swamp mahogany (E. robusta) , and blue gum (E. globulus), 

 in the order mentioned, will last in the ground well, provided 

 the heartwood is used, and provided the wood is allowed to sea- 

 son for some time before it is used. 



In a number of instances Eucalyptus, especially blue gum as 

 well as ironwood, has been used for fence posts and ties with 

 poor results, it being found that the wood went to pieces at the 

 end of three or four years. In almost every case this was due 

 to the fact that young green saplings, consisting mainly of sap- 

 wood, had been used.. All woods last longer after they are sea- 

 soned, and the heartwood is almost invariably superior to the 

 sapwood in this respect. No wood should therefore be con- 

 demned until after the seasoned wood of fairly old trees has 

 been tried. The kind of soil and its moisture content have also 

 a decided influence on the durability of the wood. 



Lumber and Timber. 



The greatest value of the eucalypts lies in the general useful- 

 ness of their timber which, with the gradual disappearance of 

 the American hardwoods, is becoming of ever greater import- 

 ance. Among the eucalypts may be found some of the most 

 valuable timber in the world, though the species differ in the 

 strength, weight and durability of their woods. The timber 

 and lumber can be used for general construction purposes, for 

 wharves, bridges, tunnels, mining shafts, culverts, street paving 

 blocks, flooring, interior finish, furniture, car Construction, 

 wheelwright work, wagon construction, tool handles, cooperage, 

 and, in brief, for all purposes for which hardwoods are ordi- 

 narily employed. 



In addition to fuel wood, posts and ties, the chief demand for 

 wood in Hawaii is for general construction purposes, for flume 

 and tunnel timbers and for piling and wharf construction. There 

 are a number of eucalypts admirably suited for these purposes. 



The three species considered of the highest value in Australia 

 for construction purposes and for general all-around timber are 

 the jarrah (E. marginata), the karri (E. diver sic olor}, and the 

 tooart (E. gomphocephala). In addition to the above the white 

 mahogany (E. acmenoides) and the flooded gum (E. saligna) 

 are of the highest value for general construction, while the folr 

 lowing eucalypts are excellent for general saw timber: Sugar 



