128 



DAIRY AND FARM SEWAGE 



The average cow voids about 20,000 pounds of manure per year, 

 of which approximately 9500 pounds are liquid and 10,500 pounds 

 solid. If the gutters are properly constructed the liquid manure 

 will take care of itself and will reduce the labor one-half of what 

 it would be were the liquid absorbed by some absorbent like 

 straw and then removed with the solid excrements. 



Liquid manure contains a high per cent of nitrogen, the most 

 expensive part of a fertilizer. According to Snyder, liquid ma- 



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FIG. 3. -Showing method of drainage of a cow yard, or the covered-yard system. 



nure from cows fed a well-balanced ration contains about 89 per 

 cent water and 1.2 per cent of nitrogen ; solid manure contains 76 

 per cent of water and .5 per cent of nitrogen. This shows the 

 comparative high value of liquid manure, which, on average farms 

 of Kansas, is allowed to flow into streams and pollute the same. 



According to Woll, the value of manure from a cow for one year, 

 fed on a well-balanced ration, is estimated at $29.97. This is a 

 source of income for the farmer which is seldom taken into con- 

 sideration because his conditions are such that he is not able to 

 take care of it. By means of a proper sewage-disposal system 

 the value of this manure may be fully recovered, besides making 

 conditions on the farm more sanitary. 



