26 WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES OF MARYLAND 



list came entirely from without the State, and four others, locust, 

 hickory, pitch pine, and cherry, were supplied wholly by Maryland. 

 Two were foreign woods, teak and mahogany, and they were the high- 

 est in price. The average cost of the boat lumber was exceeded by 

 that used by four industries, tanks and silos, wagons, office fixtures, 

 and musical instruments. 



In amount and cost the list was headed by longleaf pine, which made 

 47 per cent of the total and 46 per cent of the value. The cost of 

 longleaf pine by the run of the mill was $12.05 in 1908 in Louisiana, 

 which was the chief producing State. The boat builders of Maryland 

 used a grade better than the run of the mill, which accounts for their 

 paying nearly three times the Louisiana and Georgia prices. Nearly 

 11 per cent of the longleaf pine imported by all the Maryland manu- 

 facturers was for boats. Interior finish was the only industry which 

 used a larger amount. 



Next after longleaf pine was white oak with 26 per cent in quantity 

 and 24 per cent in cost. Maryland supplied 81 per cent of it, and only 

 19 per cent was imported. The home-grown product was a little 

 higher in price than the imported. White oak is the chief frame ma- 

 terial of wooden vessels and is used where great strength and stiffness 

 are required, while pine and other light woods make the sides, decks, 

 and lining. Much oak is used for keels because it wears well and is 

 capable of resisting severe shocks. 



Cypress is a favorite finishing material for boats. Cabins are fre- 

 quently built of it, and it is seen in railing and panels. The average 

 price of cypress in 1908 for the whole country was $21.30, and the 

 Maryland boat builders paid $37, but the grade they used was better 

 than the run of the mills. 



Douglas fir, of which 262,000 feet were bought by the boat builders 

 of the State, is a Pacific coast wood, the shipments coming chiefly from 

 Washington. It is a favorite wood for spars and masts, because it may 

 be had in practically any size desired. It gives excellent service as 

 siding for canal boats, and much of the Douglas fir brought to Mary- 

 land in 1909 was put to that use. It is often listed as Oregon pine, 

 which name was formerly most generally applied to it. This far-west- 

 ern lumber is now found in practically all markets, and its annual 

 cut is exceeded only by the combined cut of the yellow pines. Its 

 average price at the mills is low, $11.97 in 1908, and even when the 



