WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES OF MARYLAND 



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for buggies. Many hubs, particularly the larger sizes, were made of 

 white oak. The chief properties of wood intended for hubs are strength 

 to resist steady strain and sudden shocks, and sufficient hardness to 

 withstand the tendency of the spokes to wear and enlarge the mortises 

 in which they fit. The only pin oak reported by the industries of 

 Maryland was the small quantity that went into vehicles. It was 

 used for felloes. Half of it was cut in Maryland and half in West 

 Virginia. All of the pitch pine reported by this industry was used 

 for bottoms of wagon beds. 



TABLE 9. Horse Vehicles. 



The three woods, white oak, hickory, and white elm, made up 85 

 per cent in amount and 80 per cent in cost of the total vehicle woods 

 reported in the State ; and of the three woods, white oak was 38 per 

 cent in quantity and the same per cent in cost ; hickory was 27 per 

 cent in quantity and 33 per cent in cost; and white elm was 20 per 

 cent in quantity and 9 per cent in cost. The average reported cost 

 of hickory for the United States in 1908 was $29.66, for the run of 

 the mill. The Maryland vehicle makers paid $12.46 more for theirs. 

 About one-half was procured in the State, and this was much higher 

 in price than that bought outside, the cost of the former being $58.75, 

 and the latter $32.12. The outside hickory came from Ohio, West 

 Virginia, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and a small quantity was reported 

 from Florida. Hickory is pre-eminently a vehicle and handle wood, 



