TREES AND FORESTS. 



By ALFRED GASKILL, State Forester of New Jersey. 



_,. The object of this study is to show the relation be- 



tween tree life and human life, how the one acts and 

 reacts upon the other, how and why society gains by association 

 with the trees, and somewhat of the methods of forestry and of 

 arboriculture. As both forestry and tree culture are subjects con- 

 cerning which few people have any definite knowledge it is neces- 

 sary to treat them quite elementarily. Teachers, therefore, as well 

 as pupils will look for guidance and instruction. It is suggested 

 that essays and debates, with classroom exercises and reading les- 

 sons be based upon the statements, references and questions. Pupils 

 should be given to understand that these lessons and exercises are 

 intended in no sense to lead up to professional forestry. Properly 

 directed they will lead to an intelligent understanding of a live 

 economic and social interest. 



In the first place it is important to distinguish clearly between 

 forestry and arboriculture. 



p Forestry, "the art of producing wood crops," is es- 



sentially an economic subject since it deals with 

 masses of trees and in large measure ignores, or subordinates, the 

 features that make a forest attractive. It deals also with the eco- 

 nomic relations between forests and climate, stream flow, etc. A 

 forester is supposed to know about all these things and to be a 

 practical woods manager. Of course, he can have knowledge of 

 shade trees as well, but the term "city forester" is a misnomer. 



References: Nos. i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9. 



On the contrary trees as individuals represent 

 Arborculture. . . * L . . _, . 



social and aesthetic interests. Their beauty, 



friendliness and vitality give them value far beyond their wood. 

 One who deals with trees, their culture, injuries and diseases is an 

 arborist. 



References 5, i3, 14, 15, 16. 



